LiTiko leTebuciko nemaSiko
LISU LEKUSETJENTISWA: KWELUHLAKA LWENCHUBOMGOMO YELULWIMI YAVELONKHE
Umbhalo wekugcina
LOKUCUKETFWE
EMAGAMA ESANDVULELO EMCONDZISI JIKELELE WILITIKO LETEBUCIKO NEMASIKO
LUHLU LWETIFINYETO 4
SINGENISO 5-9
Injongo 5
Lokuvunyelwa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi 5
Tilwimi letisebentako 6
EmaTiko aHulumende aVelonkhe 6
Tifundza 6
EmaTiko aHulumende waseMakhaya 7
KuChumana nalamaLunga emPhakatsi 7
Tindzawo lekumelwe tinakwe 7
Kubaluleka kwekusetjentiswa 8
Kuhlatiywa ngekwengcikitsi 9
Kuveta sobala kulenchubomgomo yelulwimi 11
KUSETJENTISWA IMITIMBA 12-17
IHansard 13
Emagumbi elulwimi 13
IForamu yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe 15
UmKhandlu webaSebenti betiLwimi eNingizimu Afrika 16
TINSITA TEKUSEBENTISA 18-25
Kusungulwa kwetheminoloji 18
Kutoliga, kuhumusha nekuhlela 19
Lucecesho 19
Indlela yekutiPhatsa ngeluLwimi yebaSebenti baHulumende 20
Inkhomba yetensita nelibhange ledatha yemininingwane 21
Kucapha nekuhlola 22
Imikhankhaso yekwatisa ngeluwimi 22
Kutoliga ngelucingo 23
Umsakato 24
KUTSINTSEKA NGEKWETIMALI NEKUTFUTFUKISWA KWEBASEBENTI 25-28
Tindleko letilinganisiwe 25
Kutfutfukiswa kwebasebenti baleligumbi 28
EMAGAMA EKUVALELISA 29
SIBUTSETELO: LISU LEKUSETJENTISWA 30-35
Lisu lekusetjentiswa lelitiko lahumende lavelonkhe 33
EMAGAMA ESANDVULELO EMCONDZISI JIKELELE WELITIKO LETEBUCIKO NEMASIKO
Kunginiketa injabulo lenkhulu kuveta leLiSu lekuSetjentiswa iNchubomgomo yelulwimi yavelonkhe leyasekelwa budze budvute yindvuna. Lenchubomgomo yelulwimi yavelonkhe ingumphumela wekuchumana lokubanti lokwacala nga-1995, ngekucokwa kweliCembu lemSebenti weluLwimi (LANGTAG). LeliSu lekuSetjentiswa liveta emasu latawusetjentiswa ekusebentiseni lenchubomgomo yelulwimi, lancoma imitimba labawubaluleka etikwekusetjentiswa, netindlela letitawusetjentiswa kuphutfumisa lokusungulwa nekutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi tetfu tendzabuko.
Hulumende uyatibona letinselela letikhona etikwekuphatfwa ngemphumelelo wekwehlukahlukana ngekwetilwimi. Kungalesizatfu leliSu lekuSetjentiswa lincoma indlela legucugucukako nalenenchubekela phambili. Ngalombono weliphuzu lekutsi kutfutfukiswa nekusungulwa kwetilwimi tetfu tibonwa tisenkhabeni yalokuvunyelwa ngulenchubomgomo yelulwimi, leliSu lekuSetjentiswa lenta lubito lekusungulwa kwesakhiwoncanti selulwimi netinsita letifanele talokusetjentiswa ngalokugcwele kwebulwiminyenti kulemisebenti yemphakatsi. Ngaloko, balingani betfu lesibambisene nabo kumazinga ahulumende wavelonkhe, wetifundza newasemakhaya atawudlala indzima lebalulekile kucinisekisa kusetjentiswa ngemphumelelo kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi.
Kunaka kutsi lenselela lebukene natsi, njengaHulumende, ikucinisekisa kutfulwa kwetetemisebenti letiphumelelako letiphendvula letidzingo tetakhamiti tetfu, nekutsi lulwimi yindlela lesichumana ngayo nabo, kubaluleke kakhulu kutsi lenchubomgomo yelulwimi isetjentiswe ngekushesha.
Ngaloko-ke ngitsandza kumema balingani betfu, kufaka ekhatsi imitimba yahulumende nematiko neliBhodi letiLwimi taseNingizimu Afrika, kutsi bacinisekise kutsi leLiSu lekuSetjentiswa lelibalulekile lenta bulwiminyenti intfo lelucobo lephatsekako yetaKhamiti taseNingizimu Afrika.
LUHLU LWETINCIPHISO
DoJ LiTiko leTebulungiswa nekuTfutfukiswa kwemTsetfosisekelo
DPSA LiTiko leTemisebenti yaHulumende nekuLawula
NGO TiNhlangano letiNgekho ngaPhasi kwaHulumende
NLPF Luhlaka lweNchubomgomo yeluLwimi lwaVelonkhe
SINGENISO
LeliSu lekuSetjentiswa liyincenye yaloluHlaka lweNchubomgomo yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe (NLPF) leniketa umphumela wembandzela welulwimi njengobe kubekiwe kusigaba 6 semTsetfosisekelo, 1996 (umTsetfo No. 108 wanga-1996). Uma seliphelele, litawufaka siTatimende seNchubomgomo yeluLwimi, leliSu lekuSetjentiswa, umTsetfo wetiLwimi waseNingizimu Afrika locatjangwako nemitsetfosimiso, kanye nemTsetfo wemKhandlu webaSebenti beluLwimi.
eliSu lekuSetjentiswa livetwa njengesincomo lesigucukako lekulo imitimba netindlela letingetiwe letitawubonwa kutfutfukisa bulwiminyenti tingangetwa.
LeSitatimende seNchubomgomo se-LPF samenyetelwa yiNdvuna yeliTiko leTeBbciko, emaSiko, iSayensi neThekhnoloji mhlaka-3 December 2002. Likhabinethi ngalokulandzelako lakuvuma loku mhlaka 12 Februwari 2003. Lenchubomgomo icondziswe ekutfutfukisweni kwekusetjentiswa kwetilwimi letingu-11 letisemtsetfweni ngembono wekuphumelelisa kufinyelela lokulinganako kumisebenti yahulumende, lwati nemininingwano, kanye nkuhlonipha emalungelo elulwimi. Letinhloso tincike etikwekutfutfukisa nekusungula ngemphumelelo kwetilwimi tendzabuko letisemtsetfweni lebetibandlululiwe ngaphambilini. Njengobe lulwimi luyinsita lesebentako yekuchumana etimphilweni tebantfu labahlukene kanye nemiphakatsi, kubalulekile kutsi emasu kulungisa kungalingani kwetilwimi tesikhatsi lesidlulie ayangeniswa.
Injongo
LeliSu lekuSetjentiswa liniketa imininingwane mayelana nemitimba netindlela letidzingakalako kusebentisa lenchubomgomo yelulwimi, nemiphumela yayo yetimali/yeluhlelomali kumatiko avelonkhe newetifundza.
Lokuvunyelwa ngulenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Lenchubomgomo iyacaca kulencenye yekusetjentiswa. Yonke imitimba yahulumende (hulumende wavelonkhe, wetifundza newasemakhaya) aphocelelwa mibandzela yalenchubomgomo, njengobe netikhungo letisebentisa emandla ahulumende nobe tenta umsebenti wahulumende macondzana nalomtsetfo. LeNchubomgomo yeluLwimi iphindze ivumele kusetjentiswa kwetilwimi ngalokulandzelako:
Tilwimi letisebentako
Lelo nalelo tiko nobe sifundza singakhetsa lulwimi lolusebentako. Lunakekelo kumele lutsatfwe ekutseni akekho lovinjelwe kusebentisa lulwimi latikhetsele lona. Uma kunesidzingo, imisebenti yekutoliga/kuhumusha kumele yentiwe kutsi itfolakale.
Ematiko ahulumende avelonkhe
Mayelana nekuchumana lokubhaliwe, luhlelo lwekukhipha kwebulwiminyenti lobusebentako (kunaka umsebenti, balaleli nemlayeto) kumele kulandzelwe kuletindzaba letingadzingi kukhishwa kuto tonkhe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letingu-11. kodvwa, lapho umsebenti loyimphumelelo nalosimeme wahulumende kunobe nguliphi lizinga idzinga kuchumana lokuvisisekako kwemniningwano, kumele kukhishwe kuto tonkhe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letingu-11.
Kuletindzawo lapho imiculu yahulumende ingeke yentiwe itfolakale kuto tonkhe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letingu-11, ematiko ahulumende avelonkhe kumele akhiphe ngesikhatsi sinye lokungenani tilwimi letisitfupha. Kukhetfwa kwetilwimi kutawentiwa ngalokulandzelako:
Inchubomgomo yekujikeletisa kutawufuneka isetjentiswe uma kukhetfwa tilwimi kulamacembu ebeNguni nebeSuthu. Lokudzingekako lokusisekelo sematiko ahulumende avelonkhe kungukutsi akhiphe imiculu lesemtsetfweni ngetilwimi letisitfupha.
Tifundza
Inchubomgomo yekujikeleta ayisebenti etikwetifundza, njengobe kutawufuneka tisebentise tilwimi letisemtsetfweni tato letiniketiwe.
Bohulumende basemakhaya
Bohulumende basemakhaya batawuncuma lokusetjentiswa kwelulwimi nalawa lanconywa yimiphakatsi yabo ngekhatsi kweluhlakamsebenti lwenchubomgomo yelulwimi lwesifundza loluphumelelisako. Kulokuncuma kusetjentiswa kwelulwimi nalawa lanconywa yimiphakatsi, bohulumende basemakhaya kumele, ngekuchumana lokubanti nemiphakatsi yabo, basungule, bakhiphe baphindze basebentise inchubomgomo yebulwiminyenti.
Kuchumana nemalunga emphakatsi
Ngetinjongo tekubhala tincwadzi letisemtsetfweni, lulwimi lolukhetfwe sakhamiti kumele lisetjentiswe. Konke kuchumana ngemlomo kumele kwentiwe ngelulwimi lolusemtsetfweni lwalabantfu lokucondziswe kubo. Uma kudzingekile, yonkhe imizamo kumele yentiwe kusebentisa tinsita telulwimi njengekutoliga (ngekuladzelana, sikhatsi sinye, ngelucingo kanye nekutoliga lokuhletjelwako) lapho kukhonakala ngalokubonalako. Loku kusebenta kuko kokubili tifundza nemaTiko ahulumende avelonkhe.
Tindzawo lekumelwe tinakwe
Lenchubo yekusebentisa iholwa tinhloso netinjongo letibekwe kulenchubomgomo. Lolokulandzelako tindzawo letibalulekile lekumelwe tinakwe tekusetjentiswa:
a Kutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi tendzabuko, kufaka ekhatsi kusungulwa kwetakhiwoncanti nekusungulwa kwemikhicito lefana netichazamagama neluhlelo lwelulwimi b kuciniswa kabusha kwemtfwalo wahulumende kucinisekisa kutsi tinzuzo tekutfulwa kwemsebenti tabiwa ngekulingana ngekuniketa kufinyelela lokulinganako kumisebenti ngito tonkhe takhamiti kungayi ngekutsi ukhuluma luphi lulwimi kute kukhushulwe kubamba lichaza kwabo nelivi kutindzaba tahulumende.
c Kuphatfwa kwetilwimi kucinisekisa the kusetjentiswa lokwamukelekakokwato tonkhe letilwimi letisemtsetfweni nekutfutfukisa kubukeka kwahulumende emphakatsini d kukhutsatwa kwekufundvwa kwelulwimi, ikakhulukati lokutfungelwe kuletidzingo temisebenti yemphakatsi, kwenta ncono kuphumelela kwebasebenti bahulumende nekukhicita kwabo emisebentini nekwenta tinzuzo tebulwiminyenti tibonakale.
e Kukhutsatwa kwenchazelo lephilako ngebulwiminyenti with badlali bendzima etikwetilwimi nalabatsintsekako.
f Kusungulwa kwebulingani bekubambisana kucinisekisa kusetjentiswa ngemphumelelo kwalenchubomgomo.
Kubaluleka kwekusetjentiswa
Kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo kutawuba naletintfo letilandzelako:
a Kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo kutawuvetwa ngalokuchubekako esikhatsini lesivakalako.
b Inchubo yekusetjentiswa itawenteka ngekhatsi kwetinjongo letibekiwe naletiphatsekako.
c Likhono litawakhiwa ngalokunyukako kute kube nekusetjentiswa lokuvakalako nalokunemphumelelo.
d Kusetjentiswa ngemphumelelo kutawudzinga luntjintjo ekusetjentisweni ngekwemasiko kwetilwimi letisemtsetfweni etikwemitimba yahulumende kucinisekisa kutsi letilwimi tendzabuko tisetjentiswa ngalokubonakalako etikwetingcikitsi letahlukahlukene.
e Kuphatfwa ngemphumelelo kwemitfombo kutawudzingeka ngekuya ngekudzingeka lokungetiwe kwekuhumusha nekuhlela, ikakhulukati etikwetilwimi tase-Afrika.
f kunakwa lokuphambili kutawunikwa etikwelucecesho lwemakhono lolungetiwe etikwekuhumusha nekuhlela, kutoliga, ileksikhografu netheminografu.
g Inchubekela phambili yekusetjentiswa kweNchubomgomo itawuhlolwa ngalokwetayelekile ngekubambisana lokusondzelene neliBhodi letiLwimi Tonkhe taseNingizimu Afrika iPanSALB. Imibiko legcelwe kuloluhlolo lwaloluhlobo litawukhishwa.
h Luhlolo etikwekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi lutawufakwa kukomishana uma kudzingekile kwatisa inchubomgomo netincumo tekusetjentiswa.
KuHlatiywa ngekwengcikitsi
INingizimu Afrika ilikhaya lwemasiko netilwimi letinyenti letahlukahlukene. Kuyalinganiselwa kutsu kungahle kube na-25 tilwimi letikhulunywa kulelive, letingu-11 tato tiniketwe kutsi tibe semtsetfweni mayelana nesigaba 6 semTsetfosisekelo. Letitilwimi letingu-11 tititilwimi tasekhaya letikhulunywa bantfu labalinganiselwa ku-98% yelinyenti lebantfu, njengoba kungabonwa kulesiboniso lesilandzelako, lesisukelwa eluBalalweni leBantfu lwanga-1996:
Lokuvame kakhulu ekusabalaleni kwetilwimi teNdzabuko taseNingizimu Afrika kulentfo yekumukwa emandla ngekwelulwimi kulelinye licele, nekubuswa kulelinye licele. Lenchubomgomo yaphambilini yekutsi tilwimi letisemtsetfweni tibe timbili yakha budlelwano lobungalingani emkhatsini wesiNgisi nesisiBhunu (lebekutilwimi tangaphambilini letisemtsetfweni) netilwimi tendzabuko. Kubusa kweletilwimi kwaba nemiphumela yekubandlulula lemikhulu etikwetikhulumi tetilwimi tendzabuko letinyenti mayelana nekukuchumana kwabo nahulumende, nekufinyelela kwabo kumisebenti yahulumende, bulungiswa, temfundvo nemisebenti.
Lokutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi tendzabuko kubalulekile kulungisa lokungalingani. Lelisiko lekungatfutfuki kwetilwimi lebetibandlululwa phambilini mayelana nekubekwa ezingeni kanye ne-othografu, itheminoloji yebuciko netichazamagama inselela lenkhulu yekusetjentiswa ngemphumelelo kwalenchubomgomo. Ngetulu kwaloko, umbiko weLANGTAG ubonisa leliphuzu lekungatfutfuki kwaletilwimi kutsi lifake kubonwa kwabi kwaletilwimi ngisho nakuto tikhulumi taletilwimi nabanako etikwetilwimi tabo. Kukhetfwa kwesiNgisi nobe siBhunu kubangelwa lizinga labo mababukene nemagama ebuciko.
Inselela lenkhulu etikwekusetjentiswa ngulokusebenta kwetilwimi kwanyalo, lekuyanyaniswa kumisebenti leminyenti yesiNgisi eiNingizimu Afrika yangemuva kwelubandlululo. SiNgisi sisetjentiswa ngalokubanti emikhakheni leminyenti, lekuyimitimba yahulumende nasemisakatweni (yomibili yemaphephandzaba neyagezi), emisebenti, njengelulwimi lwesigodzi (i-lingua franca) yekuchumana emkhatsini wemacembu, futsi nanjengelulwimi lwe-Inthanethi neSayensi neTheknoloji. Nanobe siNgisi siniketa lufinyelelo ematfubeni emsebenti netemfundvo, siphindze sivimbele bantfu labangakhoni kukhuluma kahle ngaleletinye tilwimi. Nanobe SiNgisi sibonwa sibalulekile ekuhambeni kwetenhlalakahle netemnotfo nekutsi sihloniphekile, tibeka bungoti ekusetjentisweni nasekugcinweni kwaletilwimi tendzabuko and kusetjentiswa kwaleNchubomgomo yebulwiminyenti.
Kodvwa, kukhuluma ngemphumelelo siNgisi kusabalale kancane kunaloku lebekulindzakile, kuvela kwebantfu labasetulu ngekwelulwimi kungenteka. Luhlolo lwavelonkhe lwetenhlalo nelulwimi lelwentiwe yiPanSALB nga-2000 lubonisa kutsi ngetulu kwa-40% yebantfu eNingizimu Afrika bavame kungavisisi loku labatjelwa kona ngesiNgisi. Lwatfola kutsi linyenti letakhamiti taseNingizimu Afrika atikaneliseki ngendlela tilwimi tabo tisetjentiswa ngakhona kumkhakha wahulumende. Loluhlolo liphindze latfola kutsi umphakatsi wonkhana ubona imisebenti yemphakatsi ingatfolakali mayelana nelulwimi.
Ngetulu kwekutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi tase-Afrika, kutawubaluleka kucinisekisa kusetjentiswa kwetilwimi letisemtsetfweni. LeliSu lekuSetjentiswa libukana naletinkhinga ngekuncoma kusungulwa kwemitimba letsite nekubona tindlela tekulungisa lesimo.
Kungeniswa kwaleNchubomgomo yeluLwimi ngekubona leliphuzu lekutsi lokusebentisa leNchubomgomo kutawuba yingucuko lenkhulu kulemisebenti yanyalo, indlela legucugucukako nalenyukako yekusetjentiswa itawungeniswa. Kute kucashelwe kusetjentiswa lokungenamphumelelo, kunconywe kutsi:
a Nanobe ematiko labalulekile langu-10 anikwe kubaluleka kwekusungulwa kwemagumbi elulwimi, onkhel ematiko ahulumende atawucelwa kutsi ente emagumbi elulwimi.
b Tincwadzi tetilwiminyenti kumele tikhiswe esikhatsini seminyaka lemitsatfu mayelana netinhlelo tematiko tekukhipha. Sibonelo, kumnyaka wekucala 30%, kulona weasibili 60% bese kutsi kulona wesitsatfu kuba ngu-100% yetincwadzi tabo labatikhiphako lekumelwe tikhishwe.
IMITIMBA YEKUSETJENTISWA
Imitimba letsite netindlela njengoba kushiwo kulesigaba lesilandzelako kunconywe kukhuphula kusetjentiswa lokuphumelelako. Imitimba itawubaluleka ekuphatseni kusetjentiswa kwetilwimi, kuchumanisa imiklamo yekutfutfukisa lulwimi, kwenta bucwepheshe nekulawula indzima yemisebenti yelulwimi, nekutfutfukisa imitfombo yeluntfu. ImiSebenti yeteluLwimi yaVelonkhe (NLS) yeliTiko leTebuciko nemaSiko (DAC) litawuchuba kusungulwa kwalemitimba ledzingekako libuye lidlale indzima yekuchumanisa mayelana naletindlela letiboniwe. kodvwa, kusetjentiswa ngemphumelelo kutawuncika kakhulu ekubambisaneni kwemitimba yavelonkhe neyetifundza, kanye nePanSALB.
Ngetulu kwetakhiwoncanti telulwimi iPanSALB neHansard lesevele tikhona, lemitimba lekumele isungulwe kulawula kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi ngemagumbi elulwimi, iForamu yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe nemKhandlu webaSebenti betiLwimi taseNingizimu Afrika
LiBhodi letiLwimi Tonkhe taseNingizimu Afrika
IPanSALB ingumlingani lobalulekile weDAC etindzabeni telulwimi. Ngaloko idlala indzima lebalulekile ekusungulweni nekutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi letisemtsetfweni taseNingizimu Afrika, as well as the Tilwimi temaKhoe nemaSani neluLwimi lwemaSayini laseNingizimu Afrika. Lemisebenti lehlobene nekusungulwa kwemitimba lemisha netindlela kutawufuneka yentiwe ngekubambisana lokusondzelene nePanSALB. Lemitimba lelandzelako, ikakhulukati, itawudlala indzima lebalulekile kulokutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi tendzabuko:
a EmaKomiti etiFundza etiLwimi emaPLC
b IYunithi yeLeksikhografu yaVelonkhe emaNLU
c ImiTimba yetiLwimi yaVelonkhe emaNLB
Indzima yemaKomiti etiLwimi tetiFundza
EmaPLC kufanele asebente ngekubambisana netifundza etindzabeni telulwimi letitsintsana netifundza tabo. Batawusebenta futsi baluleke ngetindzaba letihlobene ne -
a kutfutfukiswa kwebulwiminyenti;
b umtsetfo wenchubomgomo yelulwimi, kufaka ekhatsi lenchubomgomo yelulwimi, lokwentiwako nemtsetfo wesifundza netiphatsi mandla tesigodzi kuleso sifundza;
c lulwimi kutemfundvo, kuhumusha, kutoliga, kusungulwa nekutfutfukiswa kwemibhalo netilwimi lebetibandlululwa phambilini, emalungelo elulwimi nekubuyisana, ileksikhografu nekusungulwa kwetheminoloji;
d luhlolo; kanye e nemiklamo
Indzima yeYunithi yeLeksikhografu yaVelonkhe
EmaNLU atawuchubeka kutfutfukisa tichazamagama kuto tonkhe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni. Kutawufuneka ahmbelane ngalokusondzelene nesiGaba sekuChumanisa iTheminoloji seNLS. Imibhalo lebika mayelana nekusebentisana nemaNLB kutawufuneka ichazwe ngalokubonakalako.
Indzima yemiTimba yetiLwimi yaVelonkhe
EmaNLB akakakhiwa kuphela malunga latikhulumi tekutalwa telulwimi lelitsintsekako, injongo lebalulekile kutsi ube nesati lesikhetsekile njengoba alulekwe yiPanSALB netindzaba letihlobene nekweTayelelisa, iLeksikhografu, iTheminoloji neLitheretja. Ngulabaphetse mayelana nekwamukela ileksikhografu nemazinga elulwimi.
IHansard
Ngekubuka bunjalo bemisenti yabo yemtsetfo, tiShayamtsetfo tesiFundza nePhalamende, njengendzaba yemalungelo, badzingeke kutsi banikete imisebenti kuto tonkhe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letingu-11. kodvwa, timo tesigodzi nato tiyancuma ti(lu)lwimi lekumele tisetjentiswe. Ngalamanye magama, tifundza atikadzingeki kutsi tisebentise tonkhe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letingu-11. emahhovisi eHansard ePhalamende nasetifundzeni letahlukahlukene adlala indzima lebalulekile ekusekeleni lemfuneko. Ngaloko kubalulekile kutsi lamahhovisi asebentisana ngekubambisana nemagumbi elulwimi naleleminye imitimba letsintsekako.
Emagumbi elulwimi etikwematiko ahulumendeand tifundza
Kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi kutawuholela ekungetekeni lokukhulu ekudzingekeni kwemisebenti yelulwimi, ikakhulukati kuhumusha, kulungisa nekusungulwa kwetheminoloji. Mayelana neHlolo lweDAC lwanga-2001, cishe 40% yemitimba yahulumende yavelonkhe na-80% yetifundza banemagumbi kubukana netindzaba tekuhumusha nekuhlela, kodvwa lamagumbi ayahluka ngebukhulu nemSebenti. Ngalokucala kusebenta kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi, lokudzingekako kutsi ematiko ahulumende avelonkhe newetifundza kumele abe emagumbi elulwimi.
Luhlobo lwemtimba
Emagumbi elulwimi latinikele ekulawulweni kwekusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi atawusungulwa kuwo onkhe ematiko ahulumende kuleso naleso sifundza. Leyo naleyo yunithi yelulwimi itawakhiwa tisebenti letikhona kuhumusha nobe kuphipha nobe kuhlola ikhwalithi yemikhicito etikwe ?
tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letingu-11, etikwematiko ahulumende avelonkhe; nobe tilwimi letisemtsetfweni letikhetsiwe esifundzeni lesitsite.
kukhipha umsebenti uyiswe kubahumushi bangasese kutawulawulwa yinchubomgomo yekukhipha imisebenti yekuhumusha nekuhlela, lelindzeleke kutsi icacise kukhishwa kwemathenda yemisebenti yekuhumusha nekuhlela lokungenani njalo ngemuva kweminyaka lemibili.
Umcabango
Emagumbi elulwimi atawuba senkhabeni yekucinisekisa kusetjentiswa kwetilwimi letisemtsetfweni njengoba kudzingwa ngulenchubomgomo yelulwimi. Atawuphindze asekele imizamo yekusebentisa bulwiminyenti.
Umsebenti
Umsebenti walamagumbi kutawuba kulawula kusetjentiswa kwebulwiminyenti etikweni lelitsite nobe sifundza nekuchumana nalamanye ematiko ngetindzaba telulwimi.
Emagumbi elulwimi atawuba nemtfwalo, kuletinye tintfo, lolokulandzelako:
Kucinisa lenchubomgomo yelulwimi etikweni nobe sifundza.
Kukhulisa lwati ngalenchubomgomo yelulwimi nemtsetfo wekutilawula ngekwetilwimi ngekhatsi kwelitiko nobe sifundza.
Kulawula nekuchuba yonkhe imisebenti yekuhumusha nekuhlela, nobe kuhulumende nobe lekhishelwe ngaphandle.
Kufundza ngenjongo yekunciphisa maphuta nekukhicita imiculu ngetilwimi letisemtsetfweni.
Kuchuba kusetjentiswa kwemisebenti yekutoliga ngetilwimi letisemtsetfweni
Kwatisa litiko nobe sifundza ngekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi (lelikhulunywako nalelibhaliwe).
Kulawula nekuchuba tinhlelo telucecesho kubantfu labatsandza kutsatfwa ekuhumusheni, kulungisa nekusungulwa kwetheminoloji, netinhlelo telulwimi kutilwimi letisemtsetfweni etikwetisebenti telitiko nobe sifundza.
Kubambisana nemitimba yeDAC nePanSALB (sibonelo. emaKomiti etiLwimi tetiFundza, imiTimba yetiLwimi yaVelonkhe neYunithi yeLeksikhografu yaVelonkhe) kutfutfukisa iTheminoloji.
Kusebenta njengemchumanisi emkhatsini welitiko nobe sifundza neDAC nobe iPanSALB mayalana nelusekelo lwekutfutfukisa nelucecesho lelunikekwa yiDAC nobe iPanSALB.
Kukhutsata kusetjentiswa kwelulwimi lolucacako etikwemisebenti yemphakatsi.
Onkhe emagumbi elulwimi ladzingwa ngulenchubomgomo kumele asungulwe ekupheleni kwa-2005.
IForamu yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe
Luhlobo lwemtimba
IForamu yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe lefaka ekhatsi luchungechunge lwekubambisana kwalabamele hulumende nemitimba lengekho ngaphasi kwahulumende itawusungulwa. LeForamu itawuhlangana njalo ngekota. Itawufaka ekhatsi labamele tifundza nalaba bahulumende wavelonkhe labatawuba yincenye yenchubo yekuveta lomgomo, kanye nePanSALB nemitimba yayo. Ngekubuka lolwati lolungahle ludzingeke, lomele lelikhansela letaKhiwo teMfundvo lePhakeme kutawufuneka abe yincenye yaleForamu.
Umcabango
Injongo yaleForamu yelulwimi kukhutsata ingcoco ngetindzaba talenchubomgomo yelulwimi nekusetjentiswa emkhatsini wetisebenti telulwimi netati ngaphasi kwebuholi beliTiko leTebuciko nemaSiko. Lokubalulekile lokutawunakwa lubanjiswano kulemitimba yelulwimi lehlukahlukene nemisebenti ekusebentiseni le-NLPF ngenjongo yekukhulisa kubambisana nemphumelelo ekusebetjentisweni kwemitfombo. Kutawuphindze kube yindzawo lapho imicondvo nelwati kuyatjelwana ngenjongo yekuhlela imiklamo naleminye imisebenti letsintsekako.
Umsebenti
Umsebenti lobalulekile weForamu kutawuba kucapha inchubo yekusebentisa, kusola nekunika kubaluleka kumiklamo, nekuhola imikhankhaso yemtsetfo. Itawuphindze ibe nemSebenti wekuchumanisa nekubambisana etindzabeni teKusetjentiswa kwenchubomgomo yelulwimi. Ngalendlela yekutsi, lunako lwayo lolukhulu lutawuba kusungulwa kwetheminoloji nemiklamo yelulwimito kuvimbela imizamo yekukopa, ngaloko ikhulisa imali lengenako lebuya kulutjalo mali.
UmKhandlu webaSebenti betiLwimi eNingizimu Afrika
Luhlobo lwemtimba
Lomkhandlu utawucokwa yiNdvuna yeliTiko yeTebuciko, emaSiko, iSayensi neTheknoloji futsi litawakhiwa ngumuntfu munye locokwe yiDAC, yiDoJ, yiPanSALB, yiSAQA, nemKhandlu weteMfundvo lePhakeme, nebantfu labasitfupha labacokwe tinhlangano tebucwepheshe naletinye kulomkhakha wekuhumusha, kutoliga, ileksikhografu, itheminoloji, kuhlela lulwimi nemtsetfo. Lamalunga alelikhansela atawuba sehhovisini sikhatsi lesiminyaka lesihlanu, kodvwa batawuvunyelwa kutsi bayiswe kuletinye tikhundla nobe bacashwe kabusha kuyinye nobe mabili emagama. Lomkhandlu utawuba ngumtimba losemtsetfweni locokwe ngemTsetfo wePhalamende.
Umcabango
Injongo yalomKhandlu webaSebenti betiLwimi eNingizimu Afrika kutawuba kukhuphula lizinga lalomsebenti nekucapha ikhwalithi yemikhicito. Litawuphindze livikele emalunga emphakatsi lasebentisa lemisebenti yelulwimi.
Imisebenti
LomKhandlu webaSebenti betiLwimi eNingizimu Afrika utawulawula lucecesho, kwamukeleka, nekubhaliswa kwebasebenti belulwimi ngemizamo yekukhuphula lizinga lemsebenti welulwimi nekhwalithi yemikhicito yelulwimi ngekubeka nekugcina emazinga. LomKhandlu utawubambisana neluHlakamsebenti lweTicu lwaVelonkhe (NQF) tinhlelo telucecesho nemTimba weTicu waseNingizimu Afrika (SAQA).
TINDLELA
Tindlela leti lekutalekelelwa ngato kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi kutfutfukiswa kwetheminoloji, kuhumusha nekuhlela, itheknoloji yelulwimi, nekuphatsa ngendlela yelulwimi, inkhombandlela yemisebenti yelulwimi, lucwaningo lwelulwimi neluhlolo, imikhankhaso yekwatisa ngeluwimi, umSebenti wekuToliga ngeluCingo waseNingizimu Afrika, libhange lemniningwano, nekutfutfukiswa kweTilwimi temaSayini, kufundvwa kwelulwimi nekwenta luhlelomali
Kusungulwa kwetheminoloji
Kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi kutawuholela ekudzingekeni lokukhulu kwekuhumusha nekuhlela, nekusungulwa kweTheminoloji kuyo yonkhe imikhakha ngaloko kutawubaluleka kakhule, kudzinge kubambisana kwabo bonkhe labatsintsekako, emagumbi elulwimi nemitimba yelulwimi (sibonelo. imitinjana yePanSALB lenjengeYunithi yeLeksikhografu yaVelonkhe, imiTimba yetTiLlwimi yaVelonkhe nemaKomiti etiLwimi tetiFundza). Luphikwana lwekuChumanisa iTheminoloji (TCS) lweNLS lutawutfola lubanjiswano lolubonakalako ngekubuyisana kweForamu yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe. LiBhange lemaThemu laVelonkhe lelifakwe kungcondvomshini litawusungulwa yiDAC kuchuba kufinyelela nasekukhishweni kweTheminoloji ngetilwimi letisemtsetfweni. LeliBange lemagama litawutfolakala ku-Inthanethi litawulungiswa kanye ngenyanga.
Luphiko lwetiLwimi lwaVelonkhe kwanyalo lusatibandzakanye nemiklamo letsite kute yente silulugama lesiyitheminoloji yebulwiminyenti lesifaka ekhatsi imikhakha lehlukene yemniningwano, nekutsi ngutiphi tinsita letibamba kutsi nguluphi luhla lelingahle litfolakale leigama ngetindlela tetilwimi letihlukahlukene nekutsi nguwaphi emagama langakhiwa ngalo. Ngekuya ngetidzingo letitsite temsebentisi, nobe ticelo lelo luhla lwemagama lingaphindze linikete umniningwano lenjengetinchazelo, imisho letibonelo, lokucuketfwe, nemibhalo lemitfombo. Kute kuzuzwe lenjongo leminye yalemiklamo lelandzelako iyachubeka nyalo:
a ISayensi yeLuntfu, yeteNhlalakahle, yetemNotfo neyekuPhatsa b ISayensi yeteMvelo neTheknoloji kutiGaba 1 ? 6
c Tibalo kutiGaba 1 ? 6
e ImiSakato yemPhakatsi
Kubambisana ezingeni labohulumende ne-Afrika leseNingizimu ekutfutfukisweni kwetilwimi letisetjentiswa ngale kwemincele kumele kugcugcutelwe.
Kutoliga, kuhumusha nekuhlela
Kwanyalo, kubukeka kwngatsi kunetakhiwoncanti letingakaneli tekutoliga, kuhumusha nekuhlela. Ngalesikhatsi emagumbi elulwimi atawudlala indzima lebalulekile ekubukaneni naloku, lesikhala lesikhulu emkhatsini wesidzingo nekufuneka kwemisebenti yelulwimi nelukhono lwekuniketa lemisebenti yaloluhlobo kumele sibukwe. Tinkinga lekumele tilungiswe tifaka ekhatsi lolokulandzelako:
a Emakhozi elucecesho ebahumushi b Imitfombo yekuhumusha/kutoliga c Inchubomgomo yekuhumusha nekuhlela
INchubomgomo yetiNkhombandlela teKuhumusha nekuhlela icondziswe ekuniketeni tinkhombandlela kuko kokubili kuhumusha kwangekhatsi, kulungisa nekuhlolwa kwemiculu nekukhipha imiculu ngenjongo yekwenta ncono kutfulwa kwemisebenti lokuniketa imikhicito lesezingeni lelisetulu.
Lucecesho
Kwakha likhono, ikakhulukati kuhumusha, kulungisa, kutoliga, ileksikhografu netheminografu, kutawudzingeka ekusetjentisweni ngemphumelelo kwalenchubomgomo. Lucecesho mayelana nekulawula kusetjentiswa kwelulwimi kutawulungiswa tinhlelo telucecesho letisungulwe yiDAC nePanSALB ngekubambisana nebaniketi belucecesho labavunyelwe.
Kuvimbela tinhlelo letikhishiwe kutawuboniswana nebaniketi bemsebenti ngebasebenti lesevele bakhona belulwimi, nemifundzate itawuniketwa kulaba labatsandza kutsatfwa nalaba lesevele bakhona. Tinhlelo telucecesho titawuphindze tifake emakhozi lamafishane, lucecesho netinhlelo telucecesho tesikhatsi lesigcwele.
Kubambisana ne-SAQA, DoE netaKhiwo temFundvo, kulokunye, kubalulekile ekupheliseni lokuswelakala kwetisebenti telulwimi letinelwati. Letidzingo teluHlakamsebenti lweTicu lwaVelonkhe (NQF) titawuhlangatjetwa ngekwenta nekutfula tinhlelo telucecesho.
Kutfolakala nekutfutfukiswa kwekusebenta ngemphumelelo kwato tonkhe basebenti bahulumende kutilwimi kunaleti tabo tekutalwa kubukwa njengendlela yekusebenta ngemphumelelo lebalulekile etikwekutfulwa kwemisebenti yemphakatsi. Tinsita titawusungulwa yiDAC, ngekubambisana nePanSALB, iDoE neDPSA, kukhutsata basebenti bahulumende kutsi tati tilwiminyenti ngekufundza nekugcina tilwimi letingetiwe.
Itheknoloji kumele isetjentiswe kchuba kubambisana emkhatsini walabatsintsekako etikwelulwimi nekutfutfukisa tilwimi tendzabuko. Tinhlelo tangcondvomshini njengetinhlelo te-word processing, tinhlelo tekulawula iTheminoloji netinhlelo tekuhumusha kumele tifanane kukhutsata kwabelana ngeTheminoloji naleminye imininingwano emkhatsini wawo onkhe emagumbi elulwimi nalaba lekubanjisenwe nabo njengeHansard neYunithi yeLeksikhografu yaVelonkhe (emaNLU).
Kuphendvula sidzingo sekuphutfumisa kutfutfukiswa kwetilwimi tendzabuko nekutfola nekulawula imibhalo lesetjentiswa kanyenti yebuciko nemniningwano wetinkhulumo, iDAC itibophelele ekwakheni likhono nekuniketa umniningwano, itheknoloji netakhiwoncanti. Letilwimi tendzabuko titawusekelwa ngemasu lamasha entfutfuko lasebentisa itheknoloji lesha, nemibhalo lekhishiwe.
Indlela yekutiphatsa yelulwimi yebaSebenti baHulumende
Indlela yekuphatsa yelulwimi yabo bonkhe basebenti bahulumende itawusho kutsi basebenti bahulumende kumele bachumane futsi batsintsane nemphakatsi kute banikete umsebenti lonemphumelelo. Lendlela yekutiphatsa itawufaka ekhatsi imigomo yeBatho Pele kute kufinyelele emisebentini yemphakatsi futsi banemtfwalo wekuniketa umniningwano lophelele, longiwo kumakhasimende ngelulwimi labalivisisa kancono. Lendlela itawugcizelela leliphuzu lekutsi likhasimende nobe sisebenti sahulumende lingakhishwa inyumbazane nobe libe sesimeni lesingamvuni ngekusetjentiswa kwetilwimi.
IDAC, kanye neDPSA ekuchumaneni nalamanye ematiko ahulumende, batawusungula baphindze basabalalise indlela njengobe kuvunyelwe ngulomTsetfo wetiLwimi waseNingizimu Afrika loCatjangwako. INdvuna utawukhipha imitsetfo lephatselene nalekhodi kuGazethi ekupheleni kwa- 2005.
Ngetulu kwekukhishwa kuleGazethi, incenye yelulwimi lolucacako lutawusabalaliswa kucinisekisa kutsi basebenti bahulumende bayayati lendlela.
Inkhomba yetinsita nelibhange ledatha yemniningwano
Inkhombandlela yetinsita telulwimi (sibonelo, idatabase lenemagama yema-ejensi latsintsekako/tinkhapani/emagumbi elulwimi, kuhumusha, kulungisa, netinsita tetheminoloji, kuhlelwa kwelulwimi) kutawusungulwa. Emakhophi alenkhombandlela atawusabalaliswa kumitimba yahulumende yavelonkhe neyetifundza, netinhlangano telulwimi kanye netinyuvesi. Itawuphindze itfolakale kuwebhusayithi yeDAC futsi itawulungiswa ngalokwetayelekile. Kuphatfwa ngemphumelelo kwenchubomgomo yekusetjentiswa kutawuphakanyiswa ngekuniketwa kwemniningwano kumitfombo letfokalako nemitimba yelulwimi.
Kunesidzingo sendzawo lefanako/indlela letinikele kulomsebenti wekucoca nekusabalalisa umniningwano ngenchubomgomo yelulwimi netindzaba tekusetjentiswa, imizamo nalokuvamisile (ikakhulukati ezingeni lavelonkhe, kodvwa nasesigodzini (i-Afrika leseNingizimu) nasezingeni lemhlaba jikelele).
Tinjongo kutfutfukisa kwabelana ngemniningwano, neluhlolo nekubambisana emkhatsini wema-ejensi lalawula lulwimi nemacembu lanenshisekelo. Ngetulu kwencwadzi yetindzaba letawukhiswa ngekota, iwebhusayithi itawusekelwa iphindze igcinwe.
Umniningwano lofanelekile nekufaka sandla kwalabatsintsekako kutawuhlelwa ngalokubonakalako yiNLS.
Kucapha nekuhlola
Kusetjentiswa lokuchubekako nalokunemphumelelo kwenchubomgomo nekubuyeketwa kutawudzinga umniningwano lokungiwo ngemaphethini ekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi nelokwenteka nyalo kute kubonakale emandla nemaphutsa alenchubomgomo nekucapha inchubekela phambili yawo. Luhlolo lwelwimi nelucwaningo kutawentiwa ngekubambisana lokusondzelene nemitimba yelulwimi letsintsekako njengePanSALB netikhungo teluhlolo nekutfutfukisa. Lemiphumela letfoliwe kuloluhlolo nelucwaningo itawuncedza hulumende kwenta tincumo letinelwati ngenchubomgomo yelulwimi kusetjentiswa.
Emagumbi elulwimi atawudzingwa kutsi ahlole emakhono lakhona elulwimi nemandla etikwelitiko nobe sifundza sabo. Lomniningwano utawuba nesisindvo mayelana nekutsatsa tisebenti, kusebentisa lomtsetfo wekutilawula ngekwetilwimi nekubona tidzingo nalokufunwa kulelo litiko nobe sifundza sifundza lesitsite.
Imikhankhaso yekwatisa ngeluwimi
Imikhankhaso yekwatisa ngeluwimi iyadzingeka kute ivuse inshisekelo yemphakatsi etindzabeni telulwimi. iDAC, ngekubambisana nePanSALB, batawuchuba imikhankhaso lechubekako yekwatisa ngeluwimi -
a kuhambisanisa tinchubomgomo telulwimi nalokwenteka emikhakheni lehlukene yahulumende;
b kudvumisa iNLPF futsi kwenta bantfu bati lokuvunyelwa ngumtsetfosisekelo ngebulwiminyenti;
c kukhutsata basebenti bahulumende kutsi tinikete umsebenti kumakhasimende ngelulwimi lwabo;
d kukhutsata bantfu kutsi basebentise tilwimi tabo futsi bafndze letinye tilwimi;
e kwatisa mabhizinisi nemkhakha wangasese ngetinzuzo letisisekelo letingatfolwa ngekusebentisa tinchubomgomo tebulwiminyenti;
f kwenta lwati lwekubaluleka kwekuhlukahlukana ngekwetilwimi kwaseNingizimu Afrika njengencenye yeligugu letfu, g kutfutfukisa kubeketelelana lokukhulu ngetilwimi eNingizimu Afrika;
h kwenta lwati ngetinzuzo tekuhlala kumphakatsi wetilwiminyenti; neku, i cinisekisa kuvisisa lokukahle nekutoligwa kwenchubomgomo kuwo onkhe emazinga.
Imikhankhaso yekwatisa ngeluwimi letsite itawentiwa mayunithi elulwimi (avelonkhe newetiFundza), iDAC nePanSALB. Ngekubuka indzima lebalulekile kusetjentiswa ekusetjentisweni kwenchubomgomo yelulwimi, hulumende ematiko/basebenti bahulumende kutawuba ngulokucondziswe kubo kuleminyaka lemibili yekucala. Imikhankhaso lecondziswe kumphakatsi wonkhana itawentiwa sikhatsi sinye. Tintfo tekutfutfukisa letihlukene (sibonelo, imikhangiso ibekwe kumaphephandzaba netincwadzi tetindzaba lekumele tisabalaliswe) nemisakato yekuchumana itawusungulwa kuloyo naloyo mkhankhaso.
Kutoliga ngelucingo
Esimeni lesinebulwiminyenti, kutoliga ngelucingo kuniketa hulumende indlela lenciphisa tindleko kucedza tintfo letivimbela lulwimi nekuniketa kufinyelela lokulinganako kumisebenti layiniketako. Lendlela yekutoliga ilula futsi iyindlela lenciphisa netindleko yekucedza bukhashane ngekwendzawo ngekutfola umtoligi etingweni. Kutoliga ngelucingo ngaloko kufanelekile kulesimo sebulwiminyenti saseNingizimu Afrika, lapho imisebenti yekuchuba lulwimi kungadzingeka ngesikhatsi lesingakalindzelwa esimeni lesiphutfumako nelikhasimende etindzaweni temisebenti njengemitfolamphilo netiteshi temaphoyisa, lapho tilwimi letitawufuneka nesikhatsi sekuchumana asibonwa kusenesikhatsi.
IPanSALB seyivele ibeke emaNLB kusungula, kutfutfukisa nekubona tindzawo letibalulekile njengekutfutfukisa kwetilwimi temaKhoe, nemaSani neluLwimi lwemaSayini taseNingizimu Afrika kute kukhushulwe lizinga lawo. Imitimba lesevele ikhona letfutfukisa kusungulwa kweluLwimi lwemaSayini taseNingizimu Afrika nemiklamo yangesheya kwemincele itawuphindze isekelwe. Kubambisana kwalabatsintsekako kubaluleke kakhulu kuloku.
Umsakato
Umsakato utawudlala indzima leyinkhaba yekwakha lwati lweluhlakamsebenti lwenchubomgomo yelulwimi. Injongo yekusebentisa umsakato kuyawube kukucondzisa etikwemphakatsi ngembono wekuwufundzisa ngemininingwane talenchubomgomo kute bavisise kahle emalungelo abo nalokufanele bakwente. Kuvetwa emisakatweni kwetindzaba tenchubomgomo yelulwimi kutawubese kuyaciniswa. Ngetulu kwaloko kumisakato yemaphephandzaba neyagezi, iwebhusayithi yeDAC itawusetjentiswa kutsengisa bulwiminyenti. Lamanye ematiko ahulumende nawo atawukhutsatwa kutfutfukisa bulwiminyenti kumawebhusayithi nakumibhalo yangaphandle.
IDAC itawuphindze ibandzakanye iSABC naleminye imisakato yekuchumana njengetiteshi temisakato tangasese ekutfutfukiseni bulwiminyenti. Sibonelo, iNLS kwanyalo ichuba umklamo nesiteshi semsakato wemphakatsi ekusunguleni iTheminoloji.
KUTSINTSEKA NGETIMALI NEKUMISWA KWEBASEBENTI
Loluhlolo lwetindleko lolwentiwe ngumGcinimafa waVelonkhe neDAC nga-2001 lwabonisa kutsi tindleko letilinganisiwe lekusebentisa bulwiminyenti lobusebentako tisimeme futsi tentiwa ngeluntjintjo loluncane kutinhlelomali letihleliwe. Loluhlolo lwetindleko lwentiwa ngekujikeletisa tigaba letine tetilwimi nalokwatfolakala kwabonisa kutsi loku kutawudzinga kungetwa kweluhlelomali lokungaphansi kwa-1%. kusetjentiswa kwetilwimi letisitfupha, mayelana neNLPF, kutawuholela etindlekweni letisetulu kancane kodvwa tingadluli 2%.
Lapho tifundza nabohulumende basemakhaya batawuholwa timo telulwimi tabo letihlukile, ematiko ahulumende avelonkhe kutawufuneka ente imiculu lesemtsetfweni itfolakale nge-
Yonkhe imitimba yahulumende kutawufuneka inikete lusekelo lolwanele ngetimali kulokusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi kuhambelane netimikhakha luHlakamsebenti lwetiNdleko teSikhatsi lesiLingene (MTEF), nekuvetwa kucale ekucaleni kwemnyakatimali wanga-2003/4.
Tindleko letilinganisiwe
Kubita kwekusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo kutawufaka ekhatsi loku lokuladzelako:
a Kwenta takhiwoncanti temagumbi eluLwimi kulelo nalelo litiko/sifundza b Kucashwa nelucecesho c Imiholo netinzuzo tetisebenti temagumbi d Luhlelo lwekusebenta kweYunithi kuchuba kusetjentiswa e Kukhipha imisebenti yekuhumusha f Linani lemibhalo yalelo nalelo tiko g Lucecesho loluchubekako lwebasebenti beliGumbi
Emazinga latayelekile etintfo letifana nekuPhatsa (sibonelo, tindleko tekubekwa kulenye indzawo, kuhamba ngetitfutsi, indzawo yekuhlala, lihhovisi netelucingo), netindzawo tekugcina imibhalo (imibhalo lekhishiwe, kuprinta, kwenta imiculu, tincwadzi nemaphepha, tintfo tasehhovisini) netinsita (bongcondvomshini, tinsita temsindvo, tinsita telucingo) nato titawufaka sandla kuletindleko.
Lelithebula ngentasi liveta libuye licatsanise letindleko letilinganisiwe teligumbi lelulwimi levetwe ngesikhatsi seMTEF.
Tindleko teligumbi yelulwimi lucwaningo luya ngelizinga lelitayelekile ngesikhatsi seMTEF
Basebenti
Baphatsi
Tindlu tekugcina
Tinsita
Umhlaba
Tingcweti
Kudluliselwa phambili
Inhlanganisela
Seyiphelele
Kunaka kutsi ematiko kumele asebentise iNLPF ngekuhambelana neMETF, kungahle kusite kutsi kubhalwe phansi kutsi lenchubo ifaka ini ekhatsi. Lenchubo yeluhlelomali lweMTEF icala ngekubeka phambili nekulungisa lokutawufakwa kuluhlelo mali ngaApreli. Kuhambisana neluhlakamsebenti lwetemnotfo ngebubanti, inchubomgomo yekunciphisa tindleko tahulumende neDoR kwentiwa kusukela ngaJulayi uma liKomiti letiNdleko tesiKhatsi lesiliNgene (MTEC) itawenta tincomo tayo. Kulungiswa kwetinhlelomali letiphelele nekwentiwa kwemiculu kwenteka ngemuva kwekuba luHlakamsebenti letiNdleko tesiKhatsi lesiliNgene (MTEF) selwamukelwe ngale kubo-Okthoba 2003.
Lolokulandzelako tinyatselo lekumelwe tentiwe ngaphambi kwekusetjentiswa kwetinhlelomali:
Kubhalisa inchubomgomo kunchubo yekubeka ngaphambili lokutsite yetifundza neyavelonkhe.
Kubukwa litiko kwenchubomgomo nelisu lelibanti lekusebentisa.
Kutfungelwa litiko kweliSu lekuSetjentiswa netindleko.
Kusungulwa kwetindleko telitiko netinhlelomali.
Kutfola imitfombo yekuchasa ngetimali.
Ematiko netifundza titawuba nemtfwalo weluhlelomali lekusetjentiswa kweNLPF kulemikhakha yabo yahulumende.
Kutfutfukiswa kwetisebenti
Basebenti bemagumbi elulwimi batawucashwa ngematiko lasemkhakheni babuye baniketwe lucecesho lwangekhatsi kulemisebenti yabo yiDAC, ngekubambisana nebasebenti bePanSALB. Tinhlelo telucecesho letisemtsetfweni titawusungulwa (Buka 2.2.2).
kutawuba nekwehlukahlukana ngebukhulu bemagumbi ematiko newetifundza letahlukene. Linani letisebenti telulwimi letidzingekako etikweyunithi yelulwimi kumele lilawulwe ngekuhambelana netinhlelo temibhalo lekhishiwe netinhlelomali tematiko netetifundza.
Bukhulu bemagumbi elulwimi butawuncunywa luhlelo lwemsebenti kanye nemakhono ladzingekile kuchuba nekusebentisa lenchubomgomo. njengekutsi, lesigungu setisebenti kutawufuneka sifake bahumushi, balungisi, bahleli belulwimi; bati bematheminoloji, nebabhali betichazamagama, njalo njalo.
EMAGAMA EKUVALELISA
IDAC iyabona kutsi kusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo kutawuletsa tinselela letinkhulu. Kodvwa, itawuncika kakhulu ekubambisaneni kwawo onkhe emacela labandzakanyekako ekuguculweni kwatonkhe letinjongo letishiwo ngenhla tibe tento.
SIBUTSETELO: LISU LELIPHELELE LEKUSETJENTISWA LE-NLPF
INJONGO
UMSEBENTI
TIBONISI TENDLELA KUSEBENTEKE NGAKHONA
UMTFWALO
Kwamukela umTsetfo wasePhalamende wetiLwimi taseNingizimu Afrika
Kwetfula LiSu lekuSetjentiswa kuKhabhinethi
Kwetfula umTsetfosivivinyo wetilwimi taseNingizimu Afrika kuKhabhinethi
Inchubomgomo yamukelwe yeKhabhinethi
LiSu lekuSetjentiswa lamukelwe yiKhabhinethi
UmTsetfosivivinyo wetilwimi taseNingizimu Afrika wamukelwe yiKhabhinethi
Kwamukelwa liKomoti lePhothifoliyo
Umtsetfosivivinyo wamukelwe uphindze usetjentiswe
Kusungula iForamu yeluLwimi yaVelonkhe
Kuhlela tifundvosikolo tekucocisana ngekusetjentiswa
Kumelwa kwawo onkhe ematiko/ tifundza
Kukhipha tinchubo ngaphansi kwemTsetfo wetiLwimi waseNingizimu Afrika
Emagumbi elulwimi
Indlela yekutiphatsa yebasebenti bahulumende
Emagumbi elulwimi lasebentako
Indlela mayelana netimfuneko tenchubomgomo
Kusungula emagumbi elulwimi
Lucwaningo lwemakhono elulwimi nemandla kuchuba kucashwa lokungenteka kubasebenti lebakhona
Basebenti bayacashwa bakhetfwe
Umniningwano longiwo lobonisa lizinga lelulwimi lwemitimba yahulumende
Ngekuhambelana netimfuneko tenchubomgomo netidzingo tematiko
Kusekela umtimba kute wamukele bahumushi, batoligi, bati bematheminoloji, nebabhali betichazamagma, nekulawula lomsebenti
Irejista yebasebenti beluwimi eNingizimu Afrika
Basebenti belulwimi lebamukelekile
Emazinga ekuhlola neticu talabasebenti belulwimi
Kuhlola, kwamukela nekusungula itheknoloji lekahle
Tilwimi tendzabuko letitfutfukile ngekwetheknoloji
Kuniketa seluleko lesinelwati selulwimi
Kwenta luhlolo/lucwaningo lelulwimi
Tincumo letisuselwa kutaluleko letivakalako
Kuyachubeka, lokungenani kanye ngemnyaka
Kukhulisa lizinga letiLwimi teNdzabuko kufaka ekhatsi tiLwimi temaKhoe nemaSani kanye neluLwimi lwemaSayini
Kwenta imikhankhaso yekwatisa ngeluwimi
Kutfola tintfo letinakwa velonkhe
Kwatisa ngendzima yelulwimi emphakatsini
Kutfola kumitimba yahulumende mayelana nekusebentisa lenchubomgomo
Kutfola kumphakatsi mayelana nekufuna tilwimi tabo
Kuyachubeka
Kutfutfukisa tilwimi tase-Afrika neluLwimi lwemaSayini kubona tindzawo lekumele ticaliswe phambili
Kwesekela imitimba lesevele ikhona kutfutfukisa kusungulwa
Kusungula nekuncedza etikwekusungula imitimba/ tinhlelo letibandzakanyekako kulokutfutfukiswa
Kwesekela imiklamo yetilwimi letikhulunywa ngale kwemincele
Tichazamagama letibucwepheshe
Ema-othografu
Imitsetfo yetipelingi nemagrama
I-PanSALB, emaPLC, emaNLB, emaNLU, iDAC, takhiwo temfundvo, teluhlolo, umkhakha wangasese, bantfu labatimele, imitimba yabocwepheshe, emaNGO, emaCBO, nematiko ahulumende
I-PanSALB, emaPLC, emaNLB, iDAC, takhiwo temfundvo, imitimba yabocwepheshe, emaNGO, emaCBO, nematiko ahulumende
Kuyachubeka
LISU LEKUSETJENTISWA LELITIKO LAVELONKHE (SIBONELO, LITIKO LETEMFUNDVO)
LeliSu lekuSetjentiswa lincike kulokutsatfwa kwekutsi umTsetfo wetiLwimi waseNingizimu Afrika litawucala kusebenta nga-Septemba 2003.
TINJONGO
IMISEBENTI
TIBONISI TENDLELA KUSEBENTEKE NGAKHONA
UMTFWALO
LUHLAKA SIKHATSI
Kwemukela inchubomgomo yelulwimi
Kucoka likomiti lenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Kwenta sifundvosikolo sekuchumana nebasebenti
Umbhalo wenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Luhlelomali kusetjentiswa lokunyukako kweIenchubomgomo (umnyaka wekucala 30%, wesibili 60%, wesitsatfu 100%)
Inchubomgomo iyahlangabetana netimfuneko teNLPF
Kuvelana netisebenti
Inchubomgomo yelulwimi lehambisanako
Lusekelo lolwanele ngekwetimali kwekusetjentiswa kwenchubomgomo
Labaphetse labasetulu
Labaphetse labasetulu
Labaphetse labasetulu
Umcondzisi Jikelele
Kusungula kweligumbi lelulwimi
Kuncuma ngebukhulu beligumbi lelulwimi
Kucwaningwa kwemakhono elulwimi nemandla ebasebenti
Kucashwa kwetisebenti 6 yebahumushi na-2 bomabhalane
Imikhangiso
Kufakana imibuto nekucashwa
Lucecesho lwetisebenti teyunithi etikwekusetjentiswa kwenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Kulandzela timfuneko tetinhlelo tekukhipha imibhalo.
Umniningwane lokahle lobonisa emakhono elulwimi, ticu nemazinga ekwati lulwimi letisebenti
Basebenti lebanemakhono
Labaphetse labasetulu
Kuchumana
Kukhuphula kuvisisa kwenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Tifundvosikolo tebasebenti beDoE ngalenchubomgomo yelulwimi nemisebenti yabo nemalungelo abo ngaphasi kwemTsetfo wetiLwimi
Kusetjentiswa kahle kwalenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Kuvisisa lokubonakalako kwemalungelo nemisebenti yebasebenti nemalungelo emakhasimende
Ligumbi lelulwimi
Kuhumusha nekuhlela imiculu ngaphasi kwalenchubomgomo
Kuhumusha nekulungiswa kwemiculu levetwe (umnyaka wekucala 30%, wesibili 60%, wesitsatfu 100%)
Kulawulwa kwekukhiswa kwemisebenti yekuhumusha kubahumushi labatimele:
Kulawulwa kwekhwalithi
Kuniketwa tinkhontileka kubahumushi
Kuhumusha lokuyikhwalithi
Ligumbi lelulwimi
Kuprinta imiculu ngaphansi kwalenchubomgomo
Kuniketa tinkhontileka kubaprinti kuprinta imiculu mayelana netindlela tekuveta (umnyaka wekucala 30%, wesibili 60%, wesitsatfu 100%)
Kufundza ulungise maphutsa nekulungiswa kwendlela lekuhleleke ngayo
Imibhalo lekhishiwe lehlangabetana netimfuneko talenchubomgomo yelulwimi
Ligumbi lelulwimi, Kuchumana
Kuniketa imisebenti yekutoliga ngaphasi kwalenchubomgomo
Kuniketa inkhontileka yekutoliga kute kutoligwe ngalokuchubekako
Kutoliga lokungiko kutilwimi letidzingekako
Ligumbi lelulwimi
Kuniketa imiyalo yelulwimi
Imiyalo lechubekako kubaphatsi netisebenti mayelana nekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi, kusetjentiswa kwalomtsetfo wekutilawula ngekwetilwimi, kuhumusha nekutoliga, kutfutfukiswa kwebulwiminyenti
Umyalo mayelana naletimfuneko talenchubomgomo yelulwimi netidzingo tetisebenti
Ligumbi lelulwimi
Kuniketa emakhozi elucecesho lwelulwimi
Kuniketa inkhontileka kubalolongi labafanelekile kuniketa emakhozi
Ligumbi lelulwimi
Kubamba lichaza kumasemina elulwimi ngekusetjentiswa kwalenchubomgomo, tindzaba tekuhumusha nekuhlela
Kuniketa iTheminoloji kuNLS ngekusekela kutfutfukiswa kwelulwimi nekuchumanisa iTheminoloji
Kuya kumasemina ngalokwetayelekile
Luhla lweTheminoloji kutilwimi letitsintsekako ngalokwetayelekile
Ligumbi lelulwimi
Umbhalo wekugcina 29 Lisu lekusetjentiswa
